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1


What is the primary consideration in route selection for a multimodal transportation system?

Transport cost, time, and inherent risks

These factors play crucial roles in determining the efficiency, reliability, and overall performance of the transportation network.

These factors play crucial roles in determining the efficiency, reliability, and overall performance of the transportation network.

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2


Which decision-making approach is utilized to determine the optimal multimodal transportation route in the proposed model?

Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Zero-One Goal Programming (ZOGP)

By combining AHP and ZOGP methodologies, the proposed model offers a robust and flexible approach to determining the optimal multimodal transportation route, considering various criteria, objectives, and constraints to support informed decision-making and enhance supply chain efficiency and resilience.

By combining AHP and ZOGP methodologies, the proposed model offers a robust and flexible approach to determining the optimal multimodal transportation route, considering various criteria, objectives, and constraints to support informed decision-making and enhance supply chain efficiency and resilience.

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3


What does AHP stand for in the context of the decision support model?

Analytic Hierarchy Process

In the context of the decision support model, AHP stands for Analytic Hierarchy Process.

In the context of the decision support model, AHP stands for Analytic Hierarchy Process.

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4


What is the objective of the zero-one goal programming (ZOGP) in the model?

To minimize all criteria equally

Minimizing all criteria equally in zero-one goal programming (ZOGP) aims to achieve a balanced optimization approach where each criterion is given equal consideration and importance. This objective is often pursued when there are multiple conflicting objectives or goals, and it is not feasible to optimize one criterion without sacrificing others.

Minimizing all criteria equally in zero-one goal programming (ZOGP) aims to achieve a balanced optimization approach where each criterion is given equal consideration and importance. This objective is often pursued when there are multiple conflicting objectives or goals, and it is not feasible to optimize one criterion without sacrificing others.

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5


Essay | Explanation: ZOGP is used to generate the optimal route by integrating weights obtained from AHP.

By integrating weights obtained from AHP into ZOGP, the decision support model ensures that the generated route reflects the relative importance of different criteria as determined by decision-makers, leading to more effective and informed decision-making in route selection.

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6


What are the main drivers for the increasing focus on multimodal transportation in logistics systems?

Technological advancements

Overall, the combination of these factors has led to an increasing recognition of multimodal transportation as a strategic imperative for optimizing logistics operations, enhancing supply chain resilience, and achieving sustainability goals in a globalized and interconnected world.

Overall, the combination of these factors has led to an increasing recognition of multimodal transportation as a strategic imperative for optimizing logistics operations, enhancing supply chain resilience, and achieving sustainability goals in a globalized and interconnected world.

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7


Why is comprehensive risk analysis considered crucial in the development of multimodal transportation?

To introduce more uncertainties

comprehensive risk analysis is essential for ensuring the safety, reliability, and resilience of multimodal transportation systems, thereby supporting economic development, trade facilitation, and global connectivity. By systematically identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks, stakeholders can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of transportation operations while minimizing the potential for disruptions and adverse impacts.

comprehensive risk analysis is essential for ensuring the safety, reliability, and resilience of multimodal transportation systems, thereby supporting economic development, trade facilitation, and global connectivity. By systematically identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks, stakeholders can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of transportation operations while minimizing the potential for disruptions and adverse impacts.

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8


What is the primary challenge in identifying and prioritizing risks in multimodal transportation?

Ambiguity of relevant data

Addressing these challenges requires a systematic and collaborative approach that involves engaging stakeholders, leveraging advanced data analytics and modeling techniques, investing in risk management capabilities, and adopting a proactive and adaptive mindset towards risk identification and mitigation in multimodal transportation.

Addressing these challenges requires a systematic and collaborative approach that involves engaging stakeholders, leveraging advanced data analytics and modeling techniques, investing in risk management capabilities, and adopting a proactive and adaptive mindset towards risk identification and mitigation in multimodal transportation.

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9


Which methodology is proposed for risk analysis in multimodal transportation in this study?

Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

comprehensive methodology, organizations can systematically identify, assess, prioritize, and mitigate risks in multimodal transportation, thereby enhancing the resilience, reliability, and efficiency of their transportation operations and supply chains.

comprehensive methodology, organizations can systematically identify, assess, prioritize, and mitigate risks in multimodal transportation, thereby enhancing the resilience, reliability, and efficiency of their transportation operations and supply chains.

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10


Essay | Discuss the significance of comprehensive risk analysis in the development of multimodal transportation. And explain how the proposed FAHP-DEA methodology contributes to identifying and prioritizing risks in this context.

the FAHP-DEA methodology enhances the rigor and effectiveness of risk analysis in multimodal transportation by combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, thereby enabling more informed decision-making and proactive risk management strategies.

the FAHP-DEA methodology enhances the rigor and effectiveness of risk analysis in multimodal transportation by combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, thereby enabling more informed decision-making and proactive risk management strategies.

the FAHP-DEA methodology enhances the rigor and effectiveness of risk analysis in multimodal transportation by combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, thereby enabling more informed decision-making and proactive risk management strategies.

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11


What is the significance of the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway in the context of the region?

It serves as a critical road connection between Kashmir valley and the rest of India

the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway is of paramount importance for the socio-economic development, strategic connectivity, and resilience of the Jammu and Kashmir region, serving as a lifeline for its inhabitants and a catalyst for growth and development.

the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway is of paramount importance for the socio-economic development, strategic connectivity, and resilience of the Jammu and Kashmir region, serving as a lifeline for its inhabitants and a catalyst for growth and development.

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12


What are the primary challenges associated with the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway?

Landslides and rockslides, particularly in steep slopes and high mountains

Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach involving improved infrastructure development, enhanced maintenance practices, effective disaster management strategies, robust security measures, and investments in alternative transportation modes to ensure the reliability, safety, and resilience of the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway.

Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach involving improved infrastructure development, enhanced maintenance practices, effective disaster management strategies, robust security measures, and investments in alternative transportation modes to ensure the reliability, safety, and resilience of the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway.

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13


Why does the highway experience continuous blockades, especially during winters?

Frequent snowfall and landslide-prone sites

the combination of heavy snowfall, avalanche risk, cold weather conditions, limited road infrastructure, maintenance challenges, and security concerns makes the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway susceptible to continuous blockades, particularly during winters. Efforts to mitigate these challenges include improved road infrastructure, enhanced maintenance practices, early warning systems for avalanches, and security measures to ensure safe and uninterrupted travel along the highway.

the combination of heavy snowfall, avalanche risk, cold weather conditions, limited road infrastructure, maintenance challenges, and security concerns makes the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway susceptible to continuous blockades, particularly during winters. Efforts to mitigate these challenges include improved road infrastructure, enhanced maintenance practices, early warning systems for avalanches, and security measures to ensure safe and uninterrupted travel along the highway.

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14


What is the objective of the present study regarding the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway?

Evaluating the economic impact of blockades

researchers aim to contribute to a better understanding of the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway’s challenges and opportunities and to inform evidence-based decision-making and policy formulation aimed at enhancing the resilience and sustainability of this vital transportation corridor.

researchers aim to contribute to a better understanding of the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway’s challenges and opportunities and to inform evidence-based decision-making and policy formulation aimed at enhancing the resilience and sustainability of this vital transportation corridor.

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15


Essay | Discuss the major challenges faced by the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway and how landslides impact the region's economy. Explain the importance of the study in addressing these challenges and proposing effective countermeasures.

the study plays a crucial role in enhancing the resilience, safety, and economic sustainability of the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway by addressing the challenges posed by landslides and proposing effective measures to mitigate their impact on the region’s economy and transportation infrastructure.

the study plays a crucial role in enhancing the resilience, safety, and economic sustainability of the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway by addressing the challenges posed by landslides and proposing effective measures to mitigate their impact on the region’s economy and transportation infrastructure.

the study plays a crucial role in enhancing the resilience, safety, and economic sustainability of the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway by addressing the challenges posed by landslides and proposing effective measures to mitigate their impact on the region’s economy and transportation infrastructure.

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16


What is the primary focus of the research mentioned in the passage?

Analyzing morphological processes in hilly areas

The primary focus of the research mentioned in the passage is to address the challenges associated with the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway, particularly its susceptibility to natural disasters such as landslides and adverse weather conditions. The research aims to analyze the impact of these challenges on transportation, trade, and tourism activities in the region and to propose effective countermeasures to mitigate the economic and safety risks posed by landslides along the highway.

The primary focus of the research mentioned in the passage is to address the challenges associated with the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway, particularly its susceptibility to natural disasters such as landslides and adverse weather conditions. The research aims to analyze the impact of these challenges on transportation, trade, and tourism activities in the region and to propose effective countermeasures to mitigate the economic and safety risks posed by landslides along the highway.

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17


How many machine learning algorithms were used for landslide susceptibility mapping in the research?

Three

In the research mentioned in the passage, three machine learning algorithms were used for landslide susceptibility mapping.

In the research mentioned in the passage, three machine learning algorithms were used for landslide susceptibility mapping.

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18


What are the key factors considered for landslide susceptibility mapping in the research?

All of the above

the research aims to develop a comprehensive landslide susceptibility mapping model that can effectively identify and prioritize areas at high risk of landslide occurrence along the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway.

the research aims to develop a comprehensive landslide susceptibility mapping model that can effectively identify and prioritize areas at high risk of landslide occurrence along the Jammu-Srinagar National Highway.

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19


What percentage of the Chattogram district is identified as highly susceptible to landslides according to the LSMs?

9–12%

According to the landslide susceptibility models (LSMs) used in the research, approximately 34.2% of the Chattogram district is identified as highly susceptible to landslides.

According to the landslide susceptibility models (LSMs) used in the research, approximately 34.2% of the Chattogram district is identified as highly susceptible to landslides.

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20


Essay | Discuss the significance of landslide susceptibility mapping in the context of hazard management. How can the prepared maps be applied at the local scale for effective landslide risk reduction and mitigation in the Chattogram district?

landslide susceptibility mapping serves as a valuable tool for informed decision-making, risk reduction, and disaster preparedness at the local scale in the Chattogram district. By integrating landslide susceptibility information into planning and management processes, authorities can enhance the resilience of communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems to landslide hazards, ultimately contributing to safer and more sustainable development in the region.

landslide susceptibility mapping serves as a valuable tool for informed decision-making, risk reduction, and disaster preparedness at the local scale in the Chattogram district. By integrating landslide susceptibility information into planning and management processes, authorities can enhance the resilience of communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems to landslide hazards, ultimately contributing to safer and more sustainable development in the region.

landslide susceptibility mapping serves as a valuable tool for informed decision-making, risk reduction, and disaster preparedness at the local scale in the Chattogram district. By integrating landslide susceptibility information into planning and management processes, authorities can enhance the resilience of communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems to landslide hazards, ultimately contributing to safer and more sustainable development in the region.

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ผลคะแนน 111.75 เต็ม 152

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