| 1 |
Which method is used to determine the weights of factors in a multimodal transportation system?
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Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) |
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A decision support model is developed using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and zero-one goal programing (ZOGP) to determine an optimal multimodal transportation route.
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| 2 |
What is the primary goal of the Zero-One Goal Programming (ZOGP) used in the study?
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Minimizing the overall transportation cost |
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The objective functions of ZOGP are combined with the weights from AHP for minimizing the deviation in Eq. The first objective is the transport cost.
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| 3 |
In the context of multimodal transportation, what does the 'multimodal' aspect refer to?
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Using multiple modes of transport for a single shipment |
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Multimodal is defined by Multimodal Transport Handbook published by UNCTAD, is the transport of products by several modes of transport from one point or port of origin via one or more interface points to a final point or port where one of the carriers organizes the entire transport.
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| 4 |
Which risk is NOT directly considered in the optimization model described in the document?
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Market fluctuation risk |
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They just refers financial risk but not market fluctuation risk
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Financial risk, it refers to financial crisis, fierce competition in the logistics sector, and unattractive markets.
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| 5 |
What is the primary advantage of integrating AHP with ZOGP in the study's methodology?
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Ensuring consistency and reducing bias in decision-making |
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This study proposes a route selection framework to reduce bias in risk assessment and to help develop a new decision support system for ranking routes in multimodal transportation.
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| 6 |
Which method is applied to validate the model and results in the document?
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Spearman’s rank correlation |
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The practicability of the proposed method is proved by a real case study in Thailand. To validate the model and result, Spearman's rank correlation, and Pearson correlation analysis are carried out
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| 7 |
What does DEA stand for in the context of the document?
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Data Envelopment Analysis |
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Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
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This study proposes the integration of the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and data envelopment analysis (DEA).
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| 8 |
Which type of risk is primarily associated with theft and accidents?
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Security Risk |
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Security risk. The transportation system is a significant consideration in overall transportation planning. Security risk refers to theft from an insider, terrorism, fire, and accidents.
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| 9 |
What method is used to aggregate risk scores under different criteria into an overall risk score?
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Fuzzy AHP |
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To test the consistency of the pairwise matrix, the consistency in a crisp comparison matrix are evaluated by following the criteria discussed in step 6 of Fuzzy AHP section.
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| 10 |
In the risk assessment model, which factor represents the weight of each criterion?
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FAHP Weight |
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The FAHP (Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process) determines the overall risk score of each segmented route by assigning weights to various risk factors based on expert judgment and fuzzy set theory.
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| 11 |
If the probability rank is 3, impact severity rank is 2, and the route segment ratio is 0.75, what is the risk level (R_ij) according to the formula R_ij = P_ij × C_ij × 4EA_ij?
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4.5 |
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3 * 2 * 0.75 = 4.5
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R_ij = P_ij × C_ij × ΔEA_ij is the correct one according to the article (A Risk Analysis Based on a Two-Stage Model of Fuzzy AHP-DEA for Multimodal Freight Transportation Systems)
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| 12 |
Given the FAHP weights for two risks as 0.3 and 0.7, and their corresponding DEA scores are 50 and 80, what is the overall risk score using the SAW method?
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74 |
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(0.3 * 50) + (0.7 * 80) = 15 + 56 = 71 (74 is the closest match)
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V(A11)=(w1*v 111)+(w2*v111)+(w3*v 111)+(w4*v111)+(w5*v 111)
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| 13 |
What is the primary method used for forecasting landslide occurrences in the document?
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ARIMA model |
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The primary method for forecasting landslide occurrences mentioned in the document is the ARIMA (Autoregressive Moving Average) model.
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| 14 |
What does LST stand for as used in the document?
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Land Surface Temperature |
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Land Surface Temperature (LST) is used to predict landslide potential areas because it is directly proportional to the underground water level.
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| 15 |
Which parameter directly influences the underground water level, as discussed in the document?
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Land Surface Temperature |
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Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a significant parameter influencing the underground water level.
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| 16 |
Which technology is highlighted for its use in landslide analysis and prediction in the study?
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) |
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Technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information System) and DEM (Digital Elevation Model) are used in landslide analysis and prediction.
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| 17 |
What role does the 'Plasticity Index' play in the context of landslides?
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Indicates soil's susceptibility to landslide when wet |
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The Plasticity Index, determined through Atterberg limits (liquid limit, plastic limit), is a crucial geotechnical property for understanding slope failure mechanisms
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| 18 |
Based on the study, what natural events significantly trigger landslides along the Jammu Srinagar National Highway?
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Heavy rainfall and snowfall |
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Heavy precipitation events, particularly from June through September, are the primary natural events triggering landslides on the Jammu Srinagar National Highway.
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| 19 |
Which GIS-based model is NOT mentioned in the study for landslide susceptibility mapping?
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All of the above are mentioned |
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Logistic Regression is mentioned in several places, Random Forest is discussed extensively, including its development, Decision and Regression Tree is evaluated and used in the study, Neural Networks are also mentioned as one of the models used for landslide susceptibility analysis
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From GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping using logistic regression, random forest and decision and regression tree models in Chattogram District, Bangladesh.
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| 20 |
What is the primary purpose of landslide susceptibility maps according to the document?
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Identifying areas prone to landslides for hazard management |
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The primary purpose of landslide susceptibility maps is to evaluate landslide-prone zones and predict landslide occurrences, thereby aiding in hazard assessment and mitigation planning.
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